Tooth sensitivity, also known as dentin hypersensitivity, is a common dental problem that can range from a mild twinge to sharp, sudden pain. It occurs when the dentin, the layer beneath the tooth enamel, becomes exposed. This exposure allows stimuli like hot, cold, sweet, or acidic foods and drinks, or even air, to reach the nerves within the tooth, triggering pain.
Common Causes of Tooth Sensitivity:
Understanding the underlying causes of tooth sensitivity is crucial for prevention and management. Here are some of the most frequent contributors:
- Aggressive Brushing: Brushing too hard, or using a hard-bristled toothbrush, can wear away enamel over time. Gentle brushing with a soft-bristled brush, using circular motions, is recommended for effective cleaning without causing damage.
- Gum Recession: As gums recede, they expose the root surfaces of teeth, which lack the protective enamel layer. Gum recession can be caused by factors like aging, hormonal changes, and periodontal diseases such as gingivitis.
- Teeth Whitening: Both professional and at-home teeth whitening treatments can temporarily increase tooth sensitivity. Individuals with pre-existing sensitivity should discuss their options with a dentist before undergoing whitening procedures.
- Acidic Foods and Drinks: Frequent consumption of highly acidic foods and beverages (e.g., citrus fruits, tomatoes, coffee, tea, alcohol) can erode enamel, leading to dentin exposure.
- Dental Procedures and Conditions: Some sensitivity is normal after routine dental cleanings or procedures, as the removal of plaque and tartar can temporarily irritate the nerves. Conditions like cracked teeth, tooth decay, or dental fissures can also significantly increase sensitivity.
- Periodontal Disease: some periodontal diseases can lead to gum recession and inflammation
Preventing and Managing Tooth Sensitivity:
If experiencing, contact your dentist to shedule an appointment to determine the causes and find a good way to treat.
For more in-depth information on tooth sensitivity, the American Dental Association (ADA) offers resources on their MouthHealthy website.
By Alexander Ash, DDS
Dr. Ash is the founder of Studio Dental Care. He earned his Doctorate at the University of Maryland School of Dentistry, followed by two General Residencies at New York-Presbyterian / Weill-Cornell Hospital and the UCLA Sepulveda VA Hospital.